Role of immunologic abnormality in recurrent parotitis in children / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between immune function and the recurrent parotitis (RP) for children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The children diagnosed as RP were divided into two groups: aged under 6y and over 6y and the immune function were measured and compared with that of normal children.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For RP children the ratio of CD4+ T cell in over 6y group was significantly lower than that in under 6y group (P<0.05), while IgG value in over 6y group was higher than that in under 6y group (P<0.05). Compared with normal children, RP children in under 6y group had higher CD8+ T cell ratio and IgG, IgE, IgA and C3 value (P<0.01) and lower CD4+ T cell ratio (P<0.01), while RP children over 6y group, they had higher CD8+ T cell ratio, IgE value (P<0.01) and C3 (P<0.05), lower CD4<T cell ratio than those in control group (P<0.01). IgE value and CD8+ T cell ratio in under 6y group were higher than those over 6y control group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Impaired immune function may play an important role in the recurrent parotitis in children.</p>

The study of emergency facial trauma in children and parents' cognition on it / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the characteristics of emergency facial trauma in children and mother's cognition on it.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Descriptive analysis was undertaken for 216 children with maxillofacial trauma. The analysis included age distributions of the children, reasons and places for the trauma, and positions and severity degrees of the trauma. The questionnaires were carried out for the patients' mothers, to understand the cognition degrees and prognosis factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Most of the patients with facial trauma were aged 1-6, with the male and female ratio of 1.4:1. Falls were the leading cause for the maxillofacial injuries(83.33%). The most common types of injury were the soft tissue injuries (63.43%) and the teeth injuries (31.94%), the jaw fractures were least. 50.00% accidents occurred at home. 97.22% mothers had no knowledge of the facial injuries in children. 69.44% mothers thought it avoidable. It were relevant between mothers' educations and injuries times (chi2 = 18.16, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mothers lack the knowledge is one of the most important reasons for the maxillofacial injuries in children. Propaganda should be increased among them to reduce risks of maxillofacial injuries.</p>

Pressure from the lips and the tongue in children with class III malocclusion / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss possible relationships between class III malocclusion and perioral forces by measuring the pressure from the lips and the tongue of children with class III malocclusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-one children with class III malocclusion were investigated and their perioral forces were measured at rest and during swallowing under natural head position by a custom-made miniperioral force computer measuring system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The resting pressures exerted on the labial side and palatine side of the upper left incisor, as well as the labial side and lingual side of the lower left incisor, were 0 g/cm(2), 0 g/cm(2), 0.57 g/cm(2) and 0.23 g/cm(2), respectively. Correspondingly, the swallowing forces were 2.87 g/cm(2), 5.97 g/cm(2), 4.09 g/cm(2) and 7.89 g/cm(2), respectively. No statistical difference between muscular pressure and gender existed. During swallowing, the lingual forces were significantly higher than the labial forces (P<0.01), however, at rest there was no significantly different force between these two sides. Compared to the normal occlusion patients, children with class III malocclusion had lower perioral forces. The upper labial resting forces (P<0.01), the lower labial resting forces (P<0.05) and all the swallowing pressures from the lips and the tongue (P<0.01) showed statistical differences between the two different occlusion conditions. Meanwhile, no significant difference was found for the resting pressure from the tongue between class III malocclusion and normal occlusion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients with class III malocclusion have lower perioral forces and this muscle hypofunction may be secondary to the spatial relations of the jaws. The findings support the spatial matrix hypothesis.</p>

Children's temperament characteristics and dental fear / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the relationship between children's temperament and dental fear.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>254 children(aged 4-6 years) during first dental treatment took part in the investigation. Their parents answered the Chinese preschool children's temperament scales (CPTS). The Frankl method was used to classify the degree of the children's dental fear. The K independent samples test and One-way ANOVA test were performed to find the differences of the type of temperament and the scores of temperament dimension among three groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 254 children(aged 4-6 years), 104 had no fear, 80 had fear and 70 had extreme fear. The incidence of dental fear in children was 59.06%. There were no statistical differences (P > 0.05) of dental fear between boys and girls. There were statistically significant differences for the type of temperament among no fear group, fear group and extreme fear group. The scores of adaptability and quality of mood were higher in the extreme fear group and fear group than that in the no fear group. The differences in scores of adaptability and quality of mood was statistically significant between the extreme fear group and no fear group. But the scores of other seven temperament dimensions had no statistical significant differences among three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Children's dental fear is correlated to their temperaments. The tendencies of negative mood and slow adaptability should be considered that the patients were at risk of developing dental fear problem.</p>

Analysis on the prognostic factors in patients with large hepatocarcinoma treated by shentao ruangan pill and hydroxycamptothecine / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of intervention therapy with Shentao Ruangan pill (SRP) and hydroxycamptothecine (HCPT) in treating 85 patients with middle-advanced large hepatocarcinoma, and to analyze the factors that could affect the prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-five patients were randomly divided into the treated group (n = 52) and the control group (n = 33). The treated group was treated by oral taking of SRP combined with local perfusion of HCPT through hepatic artery catheterization, while to the control group, the conventional therapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was conducted for control. The clinical efficacy of treatment in the two groups was evaluated by the change of tumor size, the factors related with prognosis were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards model and the analysis of survival conducted by Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The tumor size reducing rate in the treated group was 19.2% and the tumor size stabilizing rate was 82.7%, while those in the control group was 21.2% and 81.8% respectively, comparison of the criteria between the two groups showed insignificant difference (P > 0.05); (2) The median survival time, 0.5- year, 1- year and 2- year survival rate in the treated group was 326 days, 80.95%, 41.39% and 12.42% respectively, those in the control group was 262 days, 64.29%, 25.00% and 8.33% respectively, comparison between the two groups showed significant difference (P < 0.05); (3) Among the 3 TCM types in patients, the survival time and rates in patients of Gan-excess with Pi-deficiency type was similar to those in patients of Gan-heat with blood stasis type showing insignificant difference (P > 0.05), but as compared with those in patients of Gan-Shen Yin-deficiency type, the difference was significant (P < 0.05) ; (4) Beneficial factor to the prognosis were therapeutic method, that used in the treated group was superior to that used in the control group. The risk factors to the prognosis were TCM type, clinical stage and liver function. Patients of Gan-excess with Pi-deficiency type had the optimal prognosis, those of Gan-heat with blood stasis type the next and of Gan-Shen Yin-deficiency the worst. The later the clinical stage and the worse the Child-Pugh grade of liver function was, the worse the prognosis would be.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) SRP combined with HCPT intervention treatment is superior to the simple TACE treatment in elevating patients' survival rate and time; (2) There are some relations between TCM types and prognosis; (3) Local Chinese drug therapy combined with systemic therapy could be one of the effective measures of non-operational therapy in treating large hepatocarcinoma.</p>